Ice Animals
by:
Trae N.
King Penguins
King penguins mainly eat fish and some squid and crustaceans. They are found on many Antarctic islands including Crozet, Prince Edward , Kerguelen, South Georgia and Mazquarie Islands.
Like the Emperor penguin, the King penguin hatches only one chick at a time. Their chicks have fuzzy brown feathers for about a year after they are born.
"Macaroni" used to be a hairstyle in England. The Macaroni penguins were so named because the yellow and black feathers sticking out of the side of their heads looked like the English hairstyle. Macaroni penguins could be confused with Royal penguins. Macaronis and Royals are the largest of the crested penguins and both have orange yellow and black crests that join on the top of the head. The Royals usually have white chins while Macaroni penguins have black chins. Macaroni penguins breed on sub-Antarctic Islands south of the Americas and Africa. Large populations can be found on South Georgia, Crozet Island, Kerguelen Island, Heard Island and McDonald Island. The total breeding population is estimated to be 12,000,000 pairs
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Polar
Bear
Scientists think the polar bear evolved about 200,000 years ago from brown bear ancestors.
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Polar bears are very adapted for survival in the Far North. Polar bears are the world's largest land predators. They top the food chain in
the Arctic, where they dine mostly on seals.
Adult male polar bears weigh from 775 to more than 1,500 pounds. Females are
usually smaller, normally weighing 330 to 550 pounds.
Polar bears range throughout the Arctic in areas where they can hunt seals.
The
area where they are
found includes Alaska, Canada, Russia, Greenland, and
Norway.
Bowhead
whale
Their spout is V-shaped, they swim slowly and are often alone when near shore. Many of their young are raised in Lancaster Sound area (Eclipse Sound, Admiralty Inlet, Prince Regent Inlet). The food they eat is mostly zooplankton although many organisms, including fish, are engulfed as the animals cruise collecting food in their open mouths.
There are several distinct subpopulations. One of them migrates to Hudson and Davis Straits in fall, returning through Lancaster Sound to areas farther west. Another migrates to the Bering Sea, returning to Beaufort Sea and Amundsen Gulf in the summer. Still another stays in Hudson Bay and Foxe Basin in the summer, while others stay in Hudson Strait in the winter. Isabella Bay, on eastern Baffin Island, is a special area for Bowheads, harboring many whales (and it seems like they're in waters that offer protection from Killer Whales, and also offers food).
Their first action to a vessel is usually to try to out swim it. When a larger vessel approaches, the whales often change course from the boat's track and the whales stop fleeing after vessels are a few kilometers past. The most common action to aircraft is a quick dive, a turn away from the aircraft, or scatter away from the area being circled.
Walrus
Usually found in herds, especially when on shore, walruses are very strong animals.
Often it stays in northern Baffin Bay in the winter. Parts of the Baffin Bay population migrate through Lancaster Sound to central Arctic in spring. Some go to Foxe Basin and northwest Hudson Bay over winter, while others migrate to the east end of Hudson Strait.
Aircrafts may cause stampedes into the water which can result in calves being crushed. Reactions of walruses on large flat chunks of ice heading towards ships include waking up, raising their heads and entering the water.
Young walrus are sometimes eaten by polar bears, but adults have few natural enemies. Walrus were actively hunted by Inuit at one time, but demand for carved ivory from their tusks has declined in the last few decades, and hunting is currently less troublesome.
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